German American Demographics

The Largest Ancestry Group in the U.S.

German American demographics refer to the population characteristics of people in the United States with German ancestry.

US Ancestry Map

Source: | United States Census

African American
Aleut/Eskimo
American
American Indian
Dutch
English
Finnish
French
German
Hispanic/Spanish
Irish
Italian
Mexican
Norwegian
Puerto Rican
Other

A chart of the top ancestries in the US, as provided by the 2000 census. Light blue shows counties predominated by ethnic Germans.


Statistics and Facts: The German American Population

German Americans make up one of the largest ethnic groups in the United States, with over 40 million people claiming German ancestry.

This accounts for approximately 13% of the total U.S. population, based on U.S. Census data.

States with the highest proportions of German-Americans tend to be those of the upper Midwest, including Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska, Wisconsin, and the Dakotas; all at over 30%.

Of the four major US regions, German was the most-reported ancestry in the Midwest, second in the West and third in both the Northeast and the South.

German was the top reported ancestry in 23 states, and it was one of the top five reported ancestries in every state except Maine and Rhode Island.

A majority of counties in Pennsylvania, Michigan, Illinois, Missouri, Iowa, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Kansas, Nebraska, Wyoming, Montana and the Dakotas are predominantly German, and they make up a plurality of Ohio and Indiana counties.

Census figures from 2022 show that German-Americans are, on average, slightly older and more educated than the general population.

More than 85 percent of respondents live in the same location where they lived in 2009, and 40 percent are employed in management, business, science or the arts.

5 States with the highest density of Americans of German descent:

North Dakota
34.77%
South Dakota
34.37
Wisconsin
31.42%
Iowa
31.10%
Nebraska
30.87%

German American demographics includes information on population, immigration patterns, language use, cultural practices, and regional concentrations of German Americans in the United States.


US Map

Source: | United States Census

PA: 2,791,485
OH: 2,603,454
CA: 2,505,840
TX: 2,277,045
WI: 2,143,909
State Population with German Ancestry
Pennsylvania 2,791,485
Ohio 2,603,454
California 2,505,840
Texas 2,277,045
Wisconsin 2,143,909

German American demographics reflect a long history of immigration, cultural influence, and community presence across the United States.


One in eight Americans has German roots

Germantown, located in the Northwest section of Philadelphia, became the first permanent German settlement in the United States.

It was founded on October 6, 1683, by German Quaker and Mennonite families.

Today the founding day of Germantown, is remembered as German-American Day, observed annually on October 6 in the United States.

5 Communities with highest percentages of people of German ancestry

Monterey, Ohio
83.6%
Granville, Ohio
79.6%
St. Henry, Ohio
78.5%
Germantown Township, Illinois
77.6%
Jackson, Indiana
77.3%

The German American community has both urban and rural roots, and this has affected the cultural practices and lifestyle of these communities.


German American Immigration: Numbers, Facts, and Trends

Pennsylvania has the nation's largest German-American population, with Germantown being one of the original German settlements.

Germantown is known as the birthplace of the American anti-slavery movement.

In terms of proportions Pennsylvania ranks tenth nationally in the percentage of German-Americans.

Overall, 26.1 per cent of the State's population self-reported German ancestry, making it the largest ancestral group in the state.


What is the most German city in America?

The city of New Ulm calls itself “the most German town in America.”

New Ulm was founded by two groups of German immigrants in the mid-1850s, both looking to create a “Utopian German community.”

Today, 66% of its residents claim German ancestry.


What are the largest ancestry groups in the U.S.?

[The Top 5]

Updated June 28, 2020 | Infoplease

Rank Ethnicity Number
1 German 46,403,053
2 Black/African-American (non-Hispanic) 38,785,726
3 Mexican 34,640,287
4 Irish 33,526,444
5 English 24,787,018

German American surnames such as Schmidt, Mueller, and Bauer are common throughout the U.S. Many families still recognize their German ancestry, even if they no longer speak the language.


5 Top Counties by percentages of Germans

Emmons County, North Dakota
72.5%
McIntosh County, North Dakota
71.6%
Logan County, North Dakota
71.5%
Hutchinson County, South Dakota
67.6%
Faulk County, South Dakota
66.9%

In addition to the economic draw, the United States' democratic ideals and political freedoms attracted many Germans who were disillusioned with the political turmoil back home.


German American Religions by percentage

Christian, Protestant, significantly Lutheran, Reformed and Anabaptist but also multiple other branches
51%
Roman Catholic
26%
Jewish
1%
Atheists
16%

While distinct German American identity has become less prominent over time due to assimilation and intermarriage, German cultural influences remain deeply embedded in American life.


German American Heritage Through Statistics

According to the 2020 U.S. Census, approximately 13% of the American population identifies as having German ancestry.

This translates to about 42 million individuals.

German Americans are primarily concentrated in the Midwest, particularly in states like Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Ohio

However, significant populations also reside in Texas, California, and Pennsylvania.

From Immigrants to Influencers

German American demographics refers to the statistical characteristics of individuals in the U.S. who identify as German Americans, including their age, gender, geographic distribution, and socioeconomic status.

Frequently Asked Questions

What percentage of the U.S. population identifies as German American?

Approximately 13% of the U.S. population identifies as having German ancestry, making it one of the largest ethnic groups in the country.

What are the most common states for German American populations?

The highest concentrations of German Americans are found in states like Wisconsin, Minnesota, Ohio, and Missouri, where historical settlement patterns are strong.

How has German immigration to the U.S. changed over the years?

Major waves of German immigration occurred in the 19th century, with substantial declines after World War I and II due to anti-German sentiment, but immigration has persisted at lower levels since then.

What is the historical significance of German American migration statistics?

Statistics reveal that between 1820 and 1880, nearly 7 million Germans immigrated to the U.S., significantly impacting American demographics and culture.

Are German Americans more concentrated in urban or rural areas?

German Americans can be found in both urban and rural areas, but there is a notable presence in agricultural communities, especially in the Midwest.

What languages do German Americans speak today?

While English is the primary language, some German Americans continue to speak dialects like Pennsylvania German, especially in specific communities.

What impact do German American statistics have on cultural festivals?

Statistics indicating high German American populations in certain areas often lead to the establishment of cultural festivals like Oktoberfest, celebrating German heritage and traditions.

How do census data reflect the German American population?

The U.S. Census Bureau collects data on ancestry, allowing for analysis of German American population trends over time, showcasing their growth and geographic distribution.

How can German American statistics aid in genealogical research?

Access to German American statistics helps genealogists identify migration patterns, settlement areas, and historical contexts that can inform family history research.

German American Heritage Research Team

German American Heritage Research

Historical Documentation & Genealogy

Compiled from sources including the Library of Congress, National Archives, German-American Heritage Foundation, and academic research institutions. Data current as of 2026 Census projections.

Architect of the American Army

Baron von Steuben
📚 Research Notice
This content is provided for educational and genealogical research purposes. Primary sources available at the Library of Congress, National Archives, and German-American Heritage Museum.